Seedling FISH GRASS CARP
(Ctenopharyngodon idella)
I. INTRODUCTION
Grass Carp (Ctenopharyngodon idella) originating from China from the east and the USSR was imported into Indonesia in 1915 in Sumatra and in 1949 was imported to Java with the goal to be cultivated.
Grass Carp fish or also known by the name of the fish Koan is a herbivorous fish that live in fresh water. This type of fish eater water plants such as Hydrilla sp, Salvinia, herbaceous plants and other water, so this type can be used as a fish out of the weeds in the water and swimming in the waters of the public.
II. Biological
- The systematic Grass Carp fish in the classroom, including Osteichthyes, Knights Cypriniformes, family Cyprinidae.
-Fish Grass Carp can reach a maximum size: 120 cm long and 20 kg of body weight.
-physical characteristics of the fish is dark gray with yellowish mixture of silver sheen, body stretching, the width of the head with a white short snout, teeth paringeal in a row with a double as a comb.
-Master Grass Carp can memijah at age s 3 / 4 years with the weight of female to 3 kg and 2 kg male, spawning usually occurs in the rainy season.
III. Seedling
A. Maintenance Association
Parent-parent kept in the pool with a density 0.2 d 0.3 kg/m2 any given day, other than feed or water the plants, herbaceous also be given feed made in the form of Pellet as much as 3% of the total weight of the population with the frequency of three times per day.
Signs mark the parent cooked gonad:
-Betta: the lower abdomen when the belly is very weak, redness and gender hole rather swell out and the movement is relatively slow.
-male: Compared with the female part of the pectoral fin more rough and when the stomach hole ordered toward sex will be out of the white liquid.
B. Spawning
How to spawning. Grass Carp fish can be done in several ways including:
a. Induced breeding
-Pemijahan the "induced breeding" with the menyuntikan hormone stimulation that comes from the gland hipofisa fish or use ovaprim donors.
- Master female states twice with the lapse of time 4 s / d for 6 hours, when the gland hipofisa 2 doses, but when using ovaprim with doses of 0.5 ml / kg. The first injection of 1 / 3 and the second injection of 2 / 3 part.
-Master male states once when using gland hipofisa 1 dose, when using ovaprim 0.15 cc / kg and performed simultaneously with the injection of both the female parent.
-Both parent fish after the states included in the spawning tanks equipped with a hapa, six hours after the injection of the first checked the readiness ovu / as / hya once every one hour.
-Fish will usually memijah was characterized by mutual kejac, big belly and soft, yellow liquid out of the hole or holes sex of the reddish color and slightly swell out.
-Once the signs are visible, male and female master appointed to the striping is done with the stomach to trace the hole sex. The eggs were in the container / plastic tray and at the same time the male parent disthping and spermanya put in another container and then diluted with physiological lamtan (NaCI 0.9%) or liquids Doofus Sodium Klonda.
- sperm that has been diluted to include in the container of eggs in slowly, and stirred by using a quill. Add water and aduklah evenly so that fertilization can take place with both. To wash eggs from the blood and dirt, and the remaining sperm, add more water and the water is removed. Make some time to clean, clean after the eggs moved into a larger container, and contains water and given Aeration, leave for more than sa.tu hours to inflate the maximum.
b. Induced spawning
- spawning the "induced spawning" apply the same as the spawning induced breeding, only after the parent male and female states, is inserted into the vessel and left until spawning occurs naturally spawning.
-After memijah the parent male and female, were excluded from spawning tanks and fertilized eggs that have been put in the container that contains water and diaerasi and left to expand the maximum.
C. Hatching Egg
Hatching done in berdiameter in hapa funnel 40 cm and 40 cm high with a stream of water from below as Aeration and water to play. The density of the separation of eggs 10,000 eggs / chimney. The eggs will hatch within ± 24 hours at a temperature 26 ° C.
In addition to the hapa funnel, the hatchery can also be done at the aquarium (40 X 60 X 40) cm equipped Aeration. The density of the separation of eggs 5,000 eggs / aquarium temperature in the 27's 29 ° C, the eggs will hatch within ± 20 hours.
D. Maintenance flyblow
After the hatch flyblow kept on the same shaft, but the eggs hatch, which is not removed first. The duration of maintenance in the shaft four days. When ditetaskan eggs in the aquarium, after the hatch flyblow aquarium can be kept in the same but the eggs do not hatch and% of the water must first be removed and filled with new water. Flyblow the age of four days have been given feed natural form nauplii Artemia, Brachionus or Moina. Flyblow maintenance for 10 days for maintenance and water must be replaced every day as much as 2 / 3 part.
E. Separating a. The first
-Preparing the pond done a week before researching flyblow which includes drying, repair, constructed, the processing of the land base and making kemalir. Swimming is the widespread use 500's 1,000 m2.
-Swimming and dikapur with calcium oxide. Dose management's 50 / 100 gr/m2, how calcium oxide first and then be distributed equally to all constructed and the pond.
-fertilization by using chicken dung. 500 doses of fertilizers's 700 gr / m, and then filled with water as high as 40 cm and 3 days after swimming organophosphat accomplished using the 4 ppm.
-The 4's 6 days after spraying the seeds of Grass Carp can be spread, preferably in the morning. The density of the separation 300 d 400 ekor/m2.
-Maintenance in the pool during the first 21 days. Additional feed given each day Pellet fine form as much as 75 gr/1.000 tail flyblow with the frequency of feeding 3 times per day.
b. Separating the two
-Preparing the pond on the second done the same as in the first.
-The density of the separation flyblow 50 s / 100 ekor/m2. Flyblow every day given the form of additional Pellet feed as many as 10% of the biomass with the frequency of feeding 3 times per day.
- duration of maintenance on the second for 28 days.
IV. DISEASES
Disease that often attacks the seeds of Grass Carp are parasites, namely: Tfichodina, Gyrodactylus, Glosatella, Scypidia, Chillodonella, which usually attacks the body's surface and gills. How to cope with 25 ppm of formalin.
